Gender-based violence in the world of work: Overview and selected annotated bibliography
by Adrienne Cruz and Sabine Klinger
Gender-based violence is described by many as the most prevalent human rights violation in the world. Of the varied ways in which sex discrimination manifests itself across the globe, such violence is exceptionally dehumanizing, pervasive and oppressive. No other form of sex discrimination violates so many fundamental human rights, as articulated in the 1948 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. These are included, for example, in Article 1 which provides that “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights”, Article 3 which provides that “Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person”, and Article 5 which provides that “No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment”.1
Gender-based violence both reflects and reinforces inequalities between women and men.2 At least one in three women around the world is estimated to have been coerced into sex, physically beaten and/or otherwise abused in her lifetime. For women aged 15 to 44 years, such violence is a major cause of disability and death.3 Gender-based violence not only causes pain and suffering but also devastates families, undermines workplace productivity, diminishes national competitiveness, and stalls development.
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